In most cases, the embroidery is carried out by a cross, but in some designs can be met by half aiscruiter, 1/4 of the Cross and 3/4 of the Cross, Backstitch, as well as French nodules. Consider each of these seams.
Seam full cross
Method number 1: Traditional
This method of performing a complete cross is used in the "traditional method" cross-embroidery.
Embroide the cross right left. Fixing the thread in the corner of the cell (point 1), diagonally enhance the needle to point 2, then make the vertical stitch down (from the wrong side) so that the needle is out of point 3.
We again spend a thread diagonally and enhance the needle in the 4th point of the square. To start embroider the next cross, we take the needle at point 1.
Most often, it is embroidered in this way when single crossings are found in the embroidery scheme, close to each other. If the scheme has single crosses of the same color, which are located apart from each other at a distance of 2-3 cm, then the thread can not trim. In this case, on the involving side of the embroidery, it is broken, but they will close other stitches.
Method number 2: Danish
To perform a horizontal row of cross, apply the "Danish method" of the cross of the cross.
Fit the thread, we take the needle on the front side in the lower left corner of the cell (point 1). Diagonal stitch into the right upper angle (point 2) and remove the needle on the wrong side. Then we perform the vertical stitch into the lower lower angle of the next cell (point 3). We again perform a diagonal stitch and enter the needle to point 4. Thus, embroider the entire horizontal row in the direction from left to right.
At the end of the row, we make a vertical stitch down (from the wrong side) and remove the needle on the front side at point 7, i.e. in the right lower corner of the last cell. Then, perform a diagonal stitch in the direction right to the left into the upper upper angle of the cell (point 4) and display the needle on the front side in the lower right corner of the next cell (point 5).
Thus, we close all the crosses to the end of the row.
On the offline, the horizontal row of the cross will turn out in the form of double vertical stitches. Embroidery a number of crosses in this way, you approach the development of perfect inside!
The main line of embroidery cross: the top stitches of the cross always lie in one direction.
Conventions in the embroidery scheme
In the cross-stitch patterns, the complete cross is indicated by any symbol occupying the entire cell. In the key, the scheme is usually indicated by how many thread addresses to embroider a full cross.
All work is embroidered with a full cross
Seam semi-mounted
Quite often in the schemes there are fragments that need to be sewn in half (it is also called 1/2 of the Cross). If the description does not specify the direction of semi-trains, they are embroidered in the same direction as the top stitches of complete cross.
Each semi-travelers on the same principle as complete crosses, only in one direction. First, we display the needle on the front side into the left lower corner of the cell (point 1). Then, perform a diagonal stitch into the right upper cell angle (point 2) and display the needle from the wrong side in the lower left corner of the next cell (point 3). We again perform a diagonal stitch and enter the needle to point 4. Thus, embroider in the direction from left to right to the end of the row.
If you want half-travelets to be located on the other side, embroider by the same scheme, only in the mirror image.
Conventions in the embroidery scheme
In the embroidery schemes, the semicrrestik is also indicated by the symbol occupying the entire cell.
Embroidery by half-and-edge can be performed in 1, 2 and 3 thread additions, which is always negotiated in the key of the scheme.
Half a bed in 1 thread addition
Half a bed in 2 thread addiction
In one job, semi-trap, embroidered with threads embroidered with threads of different thicknesses can be combined.
Semi-travelers in 1 and 2 thread addition
Most often by half-travelers embroidered background (sky, water, land, grass, shadow from items, etc.), thus the picture acquires an additional volume.
Show 1/4 Cross
In order to create the effect of the smooth transition of the same color in the other and thereby emphasize the realism of the image contours, fractional crossboxes are used in the embroidery, such as 1/4 of the Cross.
The seam of 1/4 of the Cross can be performed as semi-crieves and crosses and, depending on this, is called Petite-Point (Petit-Point) and Petite-Stitch (Petit Stitch). Translated from French, Petite - "small, small", from here and the name of stitches.
Petite-Point is a small half-trial. He sews the same as the usual half-and-edge, with the only difference: fixing the thread, we take the needle in the lower left corner (point 1) and make a diagonal stitch to point 2, located in the middle of the square of the canvas. Then, on the wrong one, we perform the vertical stitch and display the needle at point 3. After that, we carry out the following diagonal stitch, entering the needle to point 4. From the inside all the seams are also vertical.
Petite-Stitch is a small cross, a quarter of the main cross, that is, not 1 cross, but 4 small ones in the usual square of the canvas.
A detailed description of all of the above seams will help you to perform seams 1/4 Cross without much difficulty!
And here you will definitely follow the basic embroidery rule: the upper stitches of the fractional cross are always lying in the same direction, in the same way that the complete cross.
Such small stitches are more convenient to do on the tissue of uniform weave, for example, flax. If the complete cross you embroider after 2 threads, then the fractional 1/4 of the cross will be seeded after 1 thread, i.e. the needle is introduced into the clearance between 2 nicknames of the canvas.
Petite stitches are used in embroidery so that the finished painting looks natural. Very often, Petites are used when embroidery people, then a smoother and realistic transition of colors is obtained.
Margaret Sherry likes to use 1/4 crosses in his stitches. It is thanks to them that the famous cats Sherry look like in detail worked.
In addition, Petit-Point and Petit Stitch are used when it is necessary to gently roundate some details in the embroidery. This is very clearly visible on the example of 2 embroidered fragments:
Violet strings, which are embroidered Blueberry berry, go abroad Backstitch
Thanks to the stitches of 1/4 of the Cross, raspberry and yellow threads beyond the borders of the backstitch. The hearts turned out to be as we used to see them, without unnecessary square protrusions.
Casting stitches 1/4 of the cross can be different, depending on the image fragment and its color solution:
Conventions in the embroidery scheme
In the embroidery scheme of 1/4 of the cross are indicated as follows: in one cell, 2 characters or 1 symbol is indicated, but small, in some specific corner.
Line colors are selected according to the key and most often correspond to the colors of complete cross, designated by the same symbolic value in the diagram as the 1/4 of the Cross.
Sow 3/4 Cross
Along with the stitches of the 1/4 cross, fractional crossbars are used in the 3/4 Cross.
Securing the thread, we take the needle in the middle of the square of the canvas (point 1), then diagonally rolled the needle to point 2, which is located in the upper corner of the canvas. Then the vertical stitch (from the wrong side) is performed so that the needle leaves from point 3.
We carry out a thread on the diagonal and rush the needle to point 4.
When embroidery 3/4, the cross also observe the basic rule: the upper stitch lies in the same direction as all others.
Now you can easily perform a 3/4 cross stitch in a mirror image in a horizontal and vertical plane.
Conventions in the embroidery scheme
In the embroidery scheme, the cross 3/4 of the cross is indicated in the same way that 1/4 of the cross, i.e., in one cell, 2 small characters or 1 in some corner are indicated.
If there are 2 characters in the cell, then the full cross consists of 3/4 of the cross and 1/4 of the cross (namely Petit-Point, i.e., a small semi-trace).
In this case, you should think carefully: what color to embroider in 3/4 of the cross, and which is 1/4. Embroidery scheme will come to the rescue: Find a fragment that is embroidered at the moment. Suppose you embroider the eyes of this cat.
As can be seen in the diagram, fractional crosses go straight over black eyes. In this case, 3/4 of the cross is better to embroider the lower left corner, and on the 1/4 of the cross (in this case it will be half a trial) the right upper corner will have. We need to highlight exactly the white coast around the eyes, which is indicated in the cross-labeled scheme or familiarize, and the yellow wool indicated by a triangle, not in priority. Accordingly, what is more important, we give most of the cross, i.e. 3/4.
In order for you to finally confuse (a joke, of course)), it is worth mentioning about such a method of embroidery fractional crosses, like 3/4 of the cross + 3/4 of the Cross. The scheme is also denoted by two characters, and in the embroidery process look like this:
Depending on which direction is the top stitch in all your embroidery, the 3/4 of the Cross seams are embroidered.
If the upper stitch is diagonally from the left lower angle into the right upper, then the long stitches of the 3/4 cross should go in this direction.
If the upper stitch is diagonally from the upper left corner into the lower right, then the long stitches of the 3/4 crossed should go in this direction.
There is a reasonable question: how exactly to embroider if fractional crossings meet in the diagram? 3/4 Cross + 1/4 Cross, 1/4 Cross + 1/4 Cross or 3/4 Cross + 3/4 Cross?
First of all, it is necessary to navigate the embroidery in general and, of course, listen to your inner voice) more precisely, try to embroider a fractional cross with all three ways and understand which one you like more.
1/4 Cross + 1/4 Cross
Another landmark is seam bextitch (more about it is slightly lower). If the border of fractional crosses is supposed to go bey, then it is best to embroider in a 1/4 of the cross + 1/4 of the cross (at the same time to embroider small crosses, not semi-crieves). Then the backstitch himself will fall Rovenko diagonally between quaterns of different colors!
3/4 Cross + 3/4 Cross
If the backstitch scheme is not provided, it is advisable to embroider a full cross according to the 3/4 scheme of the Cross + 3/4 of the Cross. In this case, the upper long stitches form a beautiful visible border between the colors. It is worth noting that in this case the upper diagonal stitch will consist of 2-colors and, accordingly, will be 2 times thicker than the top stitch in all other crosses.3/4 Cross + 1/4 Cross
If you do not like too thick and tight embroidery, then the scheme 3/4 of the cross + 1/4 of the cross is ideal! In this case, the upper stitch will be completed with a thread of the same color and in thickness will correspond to embroidered complete cross. 1/4 The cross here is embroidered in a semi-trial.
Soo Backstitch
Seam "Back needle" or backstitch (backstitch, backing) is very often used in an embroidery cross and truly creates with embroidery real wonders!
For clarity, consider a sailboat (embroidery author - Irina (I-Rina) ): On the first photo, the back in the embroidery is missing, on the second - embroidery is completely finished, all contours are stitching backstitch.
Embroidery with a cross without a back
Cross Embroidery with Bek
It is not difficult to sew neck backstitch, just the embroidery process requires more time compared to those designs in which there is no back.
Backstitch is performed after all the crosses and semi-crieves are embroidered. It is better to embroider it on a folded and mounted canvas, because during the washing process, thin threads of the backstitch can stretch and in the end will be saved. To avoid this, do not make too long stitches, 2-3 canvas cells are quite enough for one stitch.
The number of threads used for the tack is usually indicated in the key to the diagram. Most often, the backstage is embroidered in 1 or 2 threads.
Methods for fastening the threads are the same as for ordinary cross. Backstitch can be sewed from left to right, right to left, bottom up, top down and diagonally.
Beck can be embroidered in several ways.
Method number 1: for perfect inside
You can first sew odd stitches, then return back, performing even. If the perfect exhaust is important for work, it is better to backstitch to embroider this method.
But with this method, eating there is a possibility that you will not like how the line lay down. If you want everything to be perfect, you will have to dissolve and sew again.
Method number 2: Back needle
If you perform a backstitch, following his immediate name, and there is a screen "back needle", then on the front side the line will also turn out evenly and beautiful. This method is also good and the fact that you can immediately see how the line falls in general, that is, consistent stitch stitch. If at some point you will understand something does not matter how I would like, you can immediately dissolve a couple of stitches and sew them again.
Hearts are embroidered in two ways - the appearance of the line is the same.
However, when eating a tank in the second way, do not expect anything good from the inside). It is not as scary if the exhaust will end up (when embroidered paintings, for example), but nevertheless the difference is noticeable:
Pouring side of the work: Left BEK will be embroidered in the first way, on the right - the second
Anna-Maria:
"On my own experience I can say that it is necessary to sew a back very carefully and if you see that the line went wrong, then it is better to immediately dissolve several last stitches and try again. But even if it does not work, the main calm! The more accurate to dissolve the stitch, the better, the thread will not be implanted and the result will be wonderful.
I first sewed back strictly according to the scheme (the needle pinched into those holes that were indicated) and most often 1 stitch was equal to 1 canvas cell (such tiny stitches were obtained). And then I just understood the "philosophy" of Backstitch: the main thing is that he is exactly and carefully drank the embroidery and sometimes you can smoy, the main thing that I liked himself, how it lies! And it is not necessary to make stitches with such small, it is possible to capture 1 stitch and 2-3 canvas cells. So I also like it even more) This is a kind of drawing with a thin pencil of smooth contours of the image. Beauty!"
In order not to get tired of a large number of backs, you can select it gradually, then it really tires.
And yet: if the embroidery itself is done with a stupid needle, then it is better to use sharp for the backstitch, for example, beading, so that it easily passes through the cross, not "traumating" them.
Conventions in the embroidery scheme
In the embroidery scheme, the neck bextitch can be seen immediately, it is denoted by contour lines attached to the details of clear outlines. And some manufacturers are applied to a set of two schemes: one basic, second - directly for the execution of the bextic.
In this scheme, Backstitch "Written" only the inscription and outlines key
The scheme has a sufficiently large number of back
The back can be performed in 1 and 2 threads, which is always negotiated in the key of the scheme.
French nodes
French nodules are often used by embroidery schemers designers.
Now you know about the basic seams used in embroidery. To begin with, practice in performing all types of seams on a small job, and then with confidence go to the big!