Ngokwesinye sezinguqulo, ukugoqa okokuqala kwaqhamuka nama-Arabhu. Ama-Crusaders phakathi nohambo lwabo oludumile ahlola ubuciko bezobuciko futhi waletha lolu lwazi eSpain. Kwenye inguqulo, kukholakala ukuthi ekukhanyiseni okudala, inqubo yokugoba yaletha uMonks-Copda, izingubo zazo ezamelana nemuva lezinto ezibunjiwe zaseYurophu. Ngokuqinisekile ukuthola ukuthi ubani okleliswe amaphuzu okuqala ezinaliti zokugoba, cishe ngeke kwenzeke. Iminyaka yamasu wokugoba nayo ihlukahlukene kakhulu, kusukela eminyakeni engama-5-6 ayiminyaka engamakhulu aze ibe yinkulungwane yeminyaka. Manje izinto ezenziwe yi-knitting ne-crochet zisagcina ukuhambisana kwazo. Abanye babaqalayo bakha izindlu zangasese ezigcwele ngezigqoko, amagilavu, iziketi, ama-sweaters kanye nezikhwama zezikhwama kusuka kumicu. Ukuhlobisa umhlobiso wokuthi indlu yethula umuzwa wokufudumala nenduduzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ezinjalo zilula ukwenza ezazo, ukuze nje zikhiphe iwindi eshadini labalitile. Esikhathini esihlokweni, ake sixoxe ngamasu wokugoba nezinketho zokuhlobisa izakhiwo ngezinsolo ezinhle ezenziwe ngesandla.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngokugoba
Manje i-knitting ibhekwa njengento yokuzilibazisa kwabesifazane, kepha kwakungeyona ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ekhulwini le-XVII, amadoda eFrance naseCzech Republic angena emzabalazweni onesihluku nabameleli bobulili obubuthakathaka be-monopoly. Abesifazane babunjiswe kwezobuciko kuzo zonke izindlela ezingenzeka. Ngokwezifiso eziholayo kwakukhona izivumelwano ezikhethekile ababezithembisa ukuthi bangaqasha intokazi ukuba basebenze. Ikhulu leminyaka ngaphambili, lapho kwenzeka izinto eziboshweyo, inkosi yaseSweden yayingaphansi kwamasokisi angama-30 ezakhiswa izinaliti. Izindleko zalowo ngamunye zilinganiswe nomholo waminyaka yonke wenkosi yenkosi. Njengoba imicu esedlulile, usosayensi wehlulekile ukuthola izindlela zasendulo zemininingwane yokugqoka, kodwa ngolunye usuku babenenhlanhla. Isokisi "elidala elidala" elitholakele ethuneni elilodwa likaFaro waseGibhithe. Imininingwane yezingubo yayinephethini elingokomfanekiso, okwakungukuvikela umnikazi ekwehlulekeni nasekuthembeni konkulunkulu "okuyingozi", futhi iminyaka yayo iqukethe iminyaka engaphezu kwenkulungwane. Ezizweni zase-Afrika, esikhundleni sama-spokes Sebenzisa ozimele bokhuni, okuthi, ngendlela, futhi azisebenzi ngekhulu leminyaka. Umshini wokuqala we-knitting wasungulwa ngo-1589 yindela yamaNgisi. Amanani entengo ye "Stamp" anciphile, ngoba ukukhiqizwa kwawo sekubizelekile kakhulu, kepha izikebhe zokubopha ngeke zingene ezindizeni. Ngokuphambene nalokho, imininingwane enjalo yezingubo nokuhlobisa yaqala ukubhekwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ngoba zazihlukile. Igama elijwayelekile lezinto ezibonakalayo ezenziwe ngemishini liyagqokwa. I-Yarn isetshenziswa mncane, okuvumela ukuthi wenze izinto ezinhle ngamaphethini amahle. Ngokungafani nezicubu, lapho amasistimu we-Thrend amabili ahlanganiswe khona, ama-canvases afakwa ngaphakathi adalwa ngokuxhuma izihibe. Ukulala Igama lesidlaliso "I-Queen Kywear" emhlabeni wemfashini ephezulu ithole i-sonia rickel. Ama-sweeter aqanjiwe akhe agqoka u-Audrey Hepburn noFrancoise Ardi. Manje ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba, imincintiswano eminingi eshiswe ijubane eliphezulu ibanjwa. Umnikazi werekhodi ngokuphelele njengamanje ubhekwa ama-Tegels ama-Miriam Miriam. Uxhuma ama-loops ayi-118 ngomzuzu 1. Kepha komunye umncintiswano, indoda eyahlukanisa yona, engaphansi kwamahora ayi-6 isikhafu samamitha amathathu ubude. UKnoniting wayinye yezinhlobo zokwenza amalizo, ngaphezu kokupenda kanye nokumotana, amantombazane enziwe ngemindeni evikelekile ngeNkathi Ephakathi. Izinto eziningi ziye zaba yizinto zobuciko zangempela, ngoba abesifazane banesikhathi esiningi samahhala.
Izindlela zokugoba
Okwamanje kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili zokuzalela:
- Kuma-speaker;
- I-Crochet.
Yize kusekhona inani lamasu athandwa kakhulu ngemfoloko noma i-shuttle. Izinaliti zokugoba zingasolwa yi-English and European Way. Umehluko kuzo kuphela kulapho esimweni sokuqala, umucu ovela eTangle uvezwa ngomunwe wenkomba wesandla sokudla, nakwesibili - kwesokunxele. Indlela yase-European ethandwa eJapan, kepha eChina okuthandayo kuya eMelika. ESamoa
IGreat Britain ne-United States basebenzisa zombili izindlela. Yize kungekho mehluko omkhulu kuzo, abaningi bakhetha indlela yokuhlangana ngaphansi kwesobunxele nakwesokudla. Uma kufanele usebenze nezinaliti zokugoba, khona-ke kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili ze-loops:
- Ubuso;
- Ukuthulula.
Izihibe zihlobene, ngoba ubuso obusemuva bubukeka njengengavumelekile futhi okuphambene nalokho. Zisetshenziswa kunoma yikuphi ukugoqa. Ukuthola amaphethini amancane (izigaxa, ama-pigtails, mesh), awele, ende, onqenqemeni, onqenqemeni, ophindwe kabili, umoya, ongezansi kanye nama-hinges nge-nakud angezwa kule ndwangu. Phakathi kwezinhlobo zokuhlangana, kukhona i-ductile (ezejwayelekile futhi i-elastic), ukujuluka, imibala emibili, irayisi, i-enterlak, i-patchwork, i-quilt kanye ne- "domino". Okubizwa ngokuthi "I-Rubber Band" kuyathandwa futhi. Ihlukaniswe ngesiNgisi, i-convex, eyize, ephindwe kabili, ngama-loops asusiwe noma awela. Uma inkosi ithanda uku-crochet, khona-ke amasu amabili ajwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukusebenza:
- Isinqe saseTunisianing;
- I-lace yase-Ireland.
Ngaphezu kwabo, i-Smooth, Novel, i-Fila, iBavaria kanye ne-Embossed Knitting nayo iyasebenza. Kuma-canvases ama-knitters, kuzotholakala izihibe zomoya (isisekelo emsebenzini we-crochet), impumuzo, amakholomu okuxhuma kanye nama-semi-solids nge-nakid eyodwa (amabili, amathathu, amane, "Raff", i-PIC. Ngosizo lwe-yarn kanye nezingwegwe, ungakha umhlobiso wokuqala, omuhle wokungaphakathi kwendlu. Izingcweti zezandla zihlane imicamelo yemicamelo, izingubo zokulala, ama-napkins, ama-tacks, ama-tacks, amabhodwe ama-sofa, izitsha, amabhodlela.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuthandwa kwenqubo yokugoba kuthola ukuthandwa ngaphandle kwamadivayisi akhethekile, okungukuthi, izihibe zithayipha ngeminwe. Ngale ndlela kuzofanelana nanoma iyiphi intambo. Ungathenga imicu ekhethekile ekhethekile, ethambile, okukhona kuyo izinto eziyi-volumetric, noma usebenzise okujwayelekile ukukhiqizwa komsebenzi ovulekile.
Imicamelo, izingubo zokulala - ifudumele nenduduzo engaphakathi
Imicamelo nezingubo zokulala ngumhlobiso oyinhloko wekhaya wefenisha ephakeme kanye nendlela enhle yokuqamba amasu alula okugoba kwabaqalayo. Ama-Pillowcases akhiqizwa ngokwesisekelo esifanayo njengoba egqoke, kepha ngokulungiswa okulandelayo kokhiye noma ukuwela ingxenye yomhlane emuva, okuzokwakha amaphakethe. Yize i-handbank ingekho kahle njengomshini, ngemuva kokugeza okokuqala kwemigqa yama-loops emikhiqizweni, njengomthetho, aqondaniswe. Ngokwenziwa kwama-plaids, kusetshenziswa amasu amane:
| Qondile | Akufani nokugwazwa okujwayelekile, njengoba kwenziwa izinguquko kusuka kuhlu ziye emugqeni. |
| Kosy noma diagonal | Kulokhu, udinga ukusuka ekhoneni uye maphakathi nesethi yama-loops, bese uphinde uye ekhoneni nebanga labo. |
| -Siyingilizi | Ama-plaids ahlala kangako, njengoba inqubo isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekwenziweni kwama-halves. Ngasikhathi sinye usuka enkabeni ye-canvas emaphethelweni awo. |
| -Landelana | Okokuqala bopha izingxenye ngazinye ze-plaid, ezalandela ngokulandelayo. Indlela efanayo iyafana ne-patchwork. |
Ngemicamelo, izindlela ziyafana ngaphandle kokushaywa kwendilinga, ezingasetshenziswa ngenxa yefomu elikhethekile lomkhiqizo ophelile. Ikakhulukazi ama-patchwork athakazelisayo. Amamojula ahlukene angaxhunywa ngemuva kokukhiqizwa noma kwinqubo. Hlanzani ngenaliti ngayinye - inketho elula kunazo zonke. Ukuxhumeka ngosizo lwe-hook kuzokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukudala izikhawu zokuvula phakathi kwamamojula azokwengeza ubuhle obuhle. Kuzothatha intambo nezinaliti ezinemisebenzi eminingi. Amamojula angaba nesikwele sakudala noma ukuba umjikelezo, unxantathu, njengezinkanyezi noma izigqila.
Izinongo zezingane ezincane zingasetshenziswa esikhundleni semvilophu yezingane, uma udinga ukuhamba noma uvakashele umtholampilo.
Isembozo sefenisha
Isembozo sefenisha siyadingeka ngokuyinhloko ukuvikela indawo yaso ekugqokeni, futhi ubuhle buya ngemuva. Abaningi bacabanga, kepha ukusebenza akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi i-mediocre. Ngosizo lwe-Spoke noma i-Hook, ungabopha iningi lefenisha futhi uhlobise indlu ngombala owenziwe ngesandla othambile. Futhi, "ukuzivikela" okufudumele kuzosiza ekushintsheni isitayela ngaphakathi noma kufihle i-upholstery engapheli. Lapho ukugoba kwemboza e-Armmarirs nase-sofas, amasu amabili avame ukuhlanganiswa. Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-canvas exhumana nomzimba womuntu yenziwa ngaphandle kwamaphethini kanye nezinto ezifakiwe ezingadala ukungakhululeki okuthile lapho zihleli noma ziqamba amanga. Kepha izingxenye ezilenga ezimboza ingxenye engezansi yesofa kanye nezingalo zivele zenziwe ngama-pigtails, ama-shchers, izimbali. Ukwenza amaphethini anjalo, uzodinga amacebo angatholakala kwi-Intanethi noma kumamagazini akhethekile omayelana.
Ama-baffies ahlanganisiwe
Amaphini asephenduke indawo ethe xaxa futhi elula yezihlalo ezinobukhulu nezihlalo eziqinile. Ziyiselula, zithambile futhi ziphinda kahle ukwakheka komzimba, okukuvumela ukuthi uthathe noma yisiphi isikhundla ngesikhathi sokuhlala. Ama-docks anokuphakama okuncane, okulula kakhulu ezimweni lapho umuntu ebandakanyeka etafuleni lekhofi noma kwesokudla phansi. Ukungabikho komhlane kuwusizo emgogodleni. Umkhombe ophahleni ufana namakilasi nge-phytball lapho umuntu kufanele athobele imali esele futhi athole ukulingana, ngaleyo ndlela exhuma amaqembu ahlukahlukene emisipha. Uma kunesidingo, ifenisha enjalo ingasetshenziswa esikhundleni samatafula. Ama-puffs ahlanganiswe ngesitayela sanamuhla futhi athathwa njengenketho efanelekile yamafulethi amakama amancane, lapho kungekho ndawo yefenisha enkulu. Ukwakha into elula enamagama, uzodinga:
- 700 gr nye intambo;
- Spins (15 mm);
- I-follon yokugcwalisa;
- Imicu nenaliti noma igwegwe lokuthunga.
Ukwenza iphakethe lobubanzi nokuphakama kwe-50 cm, kuzodingeka ushayele izingodo ezingama-40-50. Kuzoba khona imigqa ecishe ibe ngu-140-150. Esikhundleni sokubala okubuhlungu, ukukalwa kwe- "Eye Eye" kuvame ukusetshenziswa. Ubude bochungechunge lokuqala lokushaywa futhi kuzoba ukuphakama kwekusasa lasePurph, futhi ububanzi bokushada buzoba "umbuthano". Ngemuva kokuthi indwangu isilungile, imiphetho yayo "emfushane" iyamiswa. Izingolwane eziseceleni ziqinisiwe futhi ziboshwe ngaphakathi ngaphakathi, ngemuva kokuqeda irabha le-foam.
Izesekeli zegumbi lokudlela ezihlanganisiwe
Ngosizo lwe-yarn kanye nokhulumela noma i-hook, ungakha hhayi kuphela ama-napkins ajwayelekile, kepha futhi namacala ezinkomishi, izibuko, amathambi, amathawula okuhlobisa noma amasosha angaphansi. Imicu yoWoolen isebenzisa imicu yoboya yokwenza ama-cap noma ama-cap ku-teapots ahlanganisiwe. Baziwa ngokufudumala ngemfudumalo futhi bakuvumele ukuba bakulondoloze isikhathi eside. Isimo esifanayo nezinkomishi zezinkomishi kanye nenkomishi Bamba. UWoolen "Ukugqoka" kuzosiza ukwelula imigqa ngetiye elifudumele futhi ligcina izandla zaKhe zishibhile. Amateyipu asebenzisa imicu ye-acrylic noma ukotini. Synthetics lapho ukuxhumana nomdlalo oshisayo oncibilikile. Ompompi kanye nama-substrates ngaphansi kokushisa kuzoba umhlobiso omuhle futhi othokomele ekhishini. I-Crochet Bloking Openwork Fentamboths, ezohlanganiswa nesitayela se-rustic neyobuzwe, i-provence. Uma kunesikhala esincane ekhishini, khona-ke kusuka ekumeni kwenqatshwa ngokuphepha kunganqatshwa ngokuphepha ukusebenzisa "amaphakethe" abekiwe. Babopha izinaliti, bese bekulungisa ngqo odongeni. Vele, i-pre-cutlery idinga ukoma, ukuze umswakama awuqongi emaphaketheni.
Fit Rugs
Ama-rugs namathrekhi adumile kakhulu ngisho naphakathi wanamuhla. Lokhu okupholile kuzokwenza ukusetha okuqinile okuthambile nokuningi. Ama-rugs angaba nezimo ezahlukahlukene, ezivela ezikweletini zakudala nemibuthano nasezinketho ze-asymmetric. Lokhu kokugcina kwenziwa ngendlela ye-patchwork efakiwe. Kwezimbiza ezincane eziyindilinga, kukhona "amathrekhi" wonke "phansi esitezi" somgwaqo omkhulu "wekamelo. Endlini yokugezela, imikhiqizo enjalo ayilungele indlu yokugezela, njengoba ibamba umswakama futhi ekugcineni ithole iphunga elingathandeki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kepha kulesi simo, ukuphuma kuzotholakala, ngoba esikhundleni se-yarn ungasebenzisa amaphakheji we-polyethylene. Kulawa, amahhanisi athatha indawo yentambo asontekile. Ama-rawlocks anjalo anjalo angcono kune-crochet.
Ungenza ama-rugs hhayi kuphela e-yarn noma emaphaketheni. Ama-Cruick Tines azongena esifundweni, ama-ribbons weminsalo kanye nama-t-shirt amadala anqunywe emichimeni.
I-OpenWork Covers for Candlesticks, Vaz namanye amathangi
Ihlanganisa izimbiza, amakhandlela, amabhodlela kanye namabhokisi asemude abe yi-classic. Zihlanganiswe ngokuphelele nge-provence ne-retro. Ibhange elilula lizoba yinto enhle yomhlobiso, uma uyihlobisa ngezingubo "ezihlanganisiwe ngekhola yokugoqa entanyeni. Izingoma ezivela esitsheni sosayizi abahlukahlukene ngezembozo ezenziwe ngamasu ambalwa zibukeka zangempela. Amakhandlela ebusuku, ngenxa ye-kniting, uzoba nokukhanya okuthambile, okusetshenziswayo, okuzoba ukwengeza okumnandi esimweni sothando. Ungahlobisa izembozo hhayi iziqukathi kuphela, kodwa futhi namakhandlela ngokwawo. "Zigqoke" ku "sweatshi" ngezihlakala nezinkinobho. Ngokufanayo, kukhona izingoma ezifanayo ngaphansi kwesihlahla sonyaka omusha, eduze ne-herch ye-Easter kanye nobhasikidi ngamaqanda.
Umhlobiso Wonyaka Omusha
Ngonyaka omusha njalo ufuna okuthile okukhethekile. Ngaphezu kwesethi ejwayelekile ye-garland, imvula namabhola, isihlahla sikaKhisimusi sihlotshiswe ngamaqhwa eqhwa ahlanganisiwe, izibalo zezilwane nezinhliziyo. Ukusuka e-yarn yenza "amaphakethe" afudumele, lapho kufakwa khona izipho zikaPine nezipho ezincane. Uma kungekho sihlahla sikaKhisimusi, senziwa ngemicu. Uhlobo oluncane lobuhle obuluhlaza, vele, ngeke buthathe indawo eyangempela, kodwa kuzosiza ukudala umuzwa weholide. Kusuka kumabhola ahlanganisiwe kanye nama-glomers oboya aqoqa ama-wreaths, azokwengeza ngokwengeziwe ngokukhazimula, ubuhlalu, izinkinobho, izimbambo nezigaxa. Izinsimbi ezinama-coquetty satin iminsalo eyenziwe ngezinaliti ezigoqisayo, ukuhlobisa iwindi, isihlahla sikaKhisimusi namakhandlela asetafuleni. Intshebe uSanta Claus futhi yenziwa ngentambo ngegwegwe. Ama-miniatures anjalo ahlobisa noma yiziphi izindawo ezikhona futhi afeze eminye imihlobiso.
Ama-pilewcases ahlanganisiwe wemicamelo anikezwa amaphakethe. Ngamaholide oNyaka oMusha kuwo ubeka ama-fir Sprigs ahlotshiswe ngama-sparkles.
Amathoyizi ahlanganisiwe - ama-amigurum hhayi kuphela
I-Amigurumi - Isilo se-Knitting Technique kanye nezinto ezihlangene (ama-muffin, ama-roll, izithelo, izigqoko), ezavela eJapan. Incazelo yemfashini kulula ukuyithola kwi-Intanethi. Igama elithi "amaigurumi" ngokwalo lihunyushelwa olimini lwesiJapan ngokuthi "olusongwe, luboshwe". Mhlawumbe le ndlela izohlala ithandwa kuphela eJapan iningi, uma ekugcineni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule umhlaba awuzange umboze imfashini yazo zonke "Kavaya", okungukuthi, okubangela ukumangalisa, okuthandekayo. Omunye wabalingiswa baleli xhuma kwakuyingane ye-Hello Hello, okuyi-Japan eyayithinteke ngenkuthalo kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemibala nezingubo. Esikhathini lenqubo ye-amigurumi yakha inyamazane, amakati, izinja, amawulo, inhlanzi, ama-octopotions. Into esemqoka ukuthi ithoyizi liyathinta. Ubukhulu bama-amigurums zakudala awedluli ku-10 cm. Manje kunomkhuba wokukhula kwamathoyizi, amanye amamodeli angafinyelela kuma-50 cm ukuphakama. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Amigurumi esikhundleni sezinkinobho noma izikhwama, kepha abanye baqoqa wonke amaqoqo emashalofini ekhaya. Isilo se-Knit Yasenaliti kanye ne-crochet. AmaJapan athanda futhi ukwenza amaqhawe e-anime ne-manga eqinisweni elinjalo: i-picamach (nenye i-pokemon), inhlanzi ye-ponly, i-totoro.
Ukugcina
Ukugoqa - umsebenzi, izinzwa ezithambisa kakhulu nokukhiqiza ukubekezela. Lolu hlobo lwe-Ailaliworkworkwork luthuthukisa indlela engajulile yezandla, futhi ewusizo kubantu abadala, kanye nezingane. Umhlobiso owadalwa izinaliti noma i-crochet uzoba ongokoqobo, muhle futhi ube nokwengeza okuhle kakhulu ekhaya.