I-Cross Screwdriver - Isimfanelo Esisemqoka sanoma yiliphi ithuluzi elisethiwe. Kepha lokhu ngawo-1930s, akuzange kutholakale ngokushesha ngumphakathi wezobuchwepheshe.
Ukuvela kokuqala kwe-screwdrivers classic nge "Flat" Stale izinsuku emuva ngekhulu le-XVI, cishe ngefomu elingashintshiwe ababekhona ngaphambi kokuqala kwekhulu lama-20.
Ngalesi sikhathi, izikulufo ezine-slit zase zivele zabangela izikhalazo eziningi, kepha zazingaphelelwa ngumncintiswano ngenxa yokushibhile kwawo. Ububi bezikulufo "zakudala" zenziwa ngokumiswa ikakhulukazi ngomhlangano omkhulu, ikakhulukazi, embonini yezimoto. Okokuqala, ukugwazwa kwakungagxili, ngenxa yalokhu, izikulufu zemishini zivame ukuthuthuka, zishiya imihuzuko ezingxenyeni zomzimba ze-lacquered. Okwesibili, lapho kusonteka, izikulufo kanye nezikulufa zivame "zihudulwe", ziguqula ikhanda noma zilimaze ama-fasteners. Kuyinto lemikhawulo futhi wabuthana ukunqoba umsunguli waseMelika uJohn Thompson, ngo-1933 walibala isikulufa ngesigqoko esinogqozi nesikulufa esinekhanda elifanele. Kodwa-ke, umzamo wokuthengisa ukusungulwa kwabakhiqizi be-Hardware bekungathweswa umqhele ngempumelelo. Ngo-1934, uThompson wajwayelana nonjiniyela uHenry Phillips wamveza wawusungula umongo wakhe. UPhillips ngiwuthande lo mbono, wathenga amalungelo e-Thompson's Patent futhi wahlela inkampani Phillips Phillips Screw Company (Kusekhona). Ngo-1936, wathuthukisa inqwaba yokukhiqizwa kwesikulufu. Izikulufo ezi-Crusading zigxile ngokuzenzakalela i-screwdriver, futhi futhi azivumeli "ukuhudula" - ukuquleka kwethuluzi kumane kwehle.
Kodwa-ke, amaPhillips asuswe yonke indawo. Ekugcineni, wakwazile ukuthakazelisa i-Yujina Clark, uMongameli American Screw Company, umenzi omkhulu wehardware e-United States. Yize onjiniyela benkampani bephika ukuthi uClark babamba umbono wokuthi wasabisa "ukuchitha wonke umuntu ongathi akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa." Usongo lwalunesenzo, kanye nenkampani, etshaliwe enhlanganweni yokukhiqizwa kwesigamu samadola ayisigidi, kwaqala ukukhiqizwa kwezikulufu ngaphansi kwe- "Cross". Ngo-1937, i-GM yaqala yasebenzisa lezi zikulungisa ekwenziweni kwamamodeli e-cadillac. Imiphumela yayihle kakhulu kangangokuba ngo-1940, wonke ama-automoker aseMelika adluliselwe ekusetshenzisweni kwama-crusade, futhi abakhiqizi bezinhliziyo zehardware bakhiwa ngokuthengwa kwelayisense. Ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe II, abakhiqizi bemishini yezempi - amathangi nezindiza badluliswa ekusetshenzisweni kwalezi zikulungi.
Kusukela lapho, kwasungulwa izikulufu eziningi ezahlukahlukene - nangaphansi kwePolyhedra, nangaphansi kwendawo yezimo ezahlukahlukene. Kepha naphezu kwalokhu, izikulufa eziwela izikulufa (emithonjeni ekhuluma isiNgisi zibizwa ngokuthi igama lomsunguli - uPhillips) zisahlala zisezingeni, futhi i-cross screwdriver iyisisekelo sanoma iyiphi ithuluzi lamathuluzi.
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