Vazhinji vedu takasangana nekare mechaniki ekusona michina kuti muzukuru wedu nasekuru nevazukuru vakashandiswa. Vamwe vachine sutuketi ine michina yeiyo nguva yekugadzira socialism, uye kunyange pre-enpolution nguva mugaraji kana mukamuri. Misikiya anofara kutenga mota idzi, achivapa mari madiki, asi usamhanye kubvisa iyi marara - unogona kuzvivimba.
Makore makumi matatu nemashanu chete apfuura, sutu inorema yemapuranga ine chivharo chakatenderedzwa yaive yave pedyo mumhuri yega yega uye kwese kwaakavigwa sekaziso yeziso. Hazvishamisi, nekuti pasi pemhando yepamusoro, yakafukidzwa ne lacquer plywood, iyo yaive yechipiri mushure mekukosha kweTV chero yemhuri yePodolsky muchero muchirimwa.
Muhudiki, chishandiso ichi chinoshamisa, icho chairatidzika chakaoma uye chinonakidza chinonakidza, chinogona kutariswa kwenguva yakareba. Yakatsetseka yakadzika nyaya, chrome yekushongedza ine chishongo chakaomarara, kupukutwa kugirazi inobwinya nemaoko ambuya neyakawona nedanda ine njodzi, isinganzwisisike, asi inokwezva semagineti .
Machina emazuva ano ekusona, zvinhu otomatiki uye ziviso pane zvakakodzera kuti "zvishandiso zvitsva hazvina kutsanangurwa sechido chemugadziri kuita chinhu chisingangoita chinhu chete, asi zvakare chakanaka. Asi zvakabva kupi kubva kune zvigadzirwa zveSoviet mechanical chirimwa chakanakisa kunze kwehusimbe uye kufadza chimiro?
Zvese zviri nyore - Podolsk Sewing Machine akagara nhaka yavo dhizaini uye mudziyo kubva kuPre-Revolution Zvigadzirwa uye ndiyo kopi yakaziviswa yeAmerican Sewing Machina eFekitori yeZinger. Kukura kwekambani kuti kugadzirwa kwekusimudzira midziyo yakawa pakukura kwemazuva ano, uye ichi chiitiko chinoshamisa chakaisa kudhinda pane zvigadzirwa nekuita kuti ive inonyanya kuitisa.
Zinger aburitsa iyo yekutanga typewriter muna 1851, uye mushure memakore gumi chete, zvigadzirwa zvaro zvaizivikanwa pasi rese. Chakavanzika chekubudirira chaive, chekutanga pane zvese, sekugadzirwa kwemachina ekuwona, pamwe nekutengeswa kwekutengeswa kweFranchise, iyo yakabatsira munguva pfupi yekukunda musika nyika dzakasimukira.
Pakutanga kwezana re xx, iyo kambani "muimbi" yakaonekwa uye muDunhu reMoscow. Sangano rekugadzira muHumambo hweRussia, kambani yeAmerica yakanunurwa neparutivi rweTown muZaiudOval Town Podolsk, iyo nguva iyo panguva iyoyo yaive nevanhu zviuru zvishanu chete. Iyo nyika pano yakanga yakachipa, uye ichipfuura neguta reimbi rinodhura rakareruka kuendesa kwezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa uye kutumira zvigadzirwa zvapera.
Nenguva isipi chirimwa chakashanduka kuita bhizinesi rakasimba kwazvo muEurope rekuburitswa kwemidziyo yekusona. Muna 1914, kambani yakagadzira zvikamu mazana matanhatu ezvigadzirwa zvezvigadzirwa, izvo zvakaitwa pasi rese. MuRussia chete, zvitoro zvemazana matatu zvakabikwa zvakabudirira vanoshanda zvakanaka. Isu takatumira michina yekuona uye tsamba - kuraira chishamiso cheAmerican chehunyanzvi, chinogadzirwa naMoscow, zvinogona kunge zviri paSakhalin.
Co, Japan, Persia - Vatengi vari munyika idzi vakagadzirira kumirira mota inodiwa kwemwedzi. Chiyero chekugadzirwa chaive chakakomba zvekuti pakupera kwa1914 Russia yakava mugadziri wechipiri wemachina ekusona mushure meUnited States, nekutsvaira kwemamiriyoni makumi matanhatu nematanhatu.
Fekitori muna 1915
... uye nhasi
Bazi reRussia rekambani rakakwanisa kubhadhara hofisi yakasvibirira muSt. Petersburg pane yeNevsky tarisiro. Chivakwa chakarova vanhu vakaroora kwete nekunaka chaiko, asi zvakare neunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi - zvaive zvinoshamisa, uye kucheneswa kwechando kubva padenga kwakaitwa otomatiki. Ichi chivakwa uye nhasi zvinofadzwa neziso - zviri mariri kuti hofisi huru yekambani "VKKontakte" iri.
Munguva yezviitiko zvekuchinja kwa1917, iyo podolsky chirimwa yakamira. Neraki, zvishandiso zvemubhokisi zvakapukunyuka shanduko mbiri nehondo dzevagari, izvo zvakaita kuti titangezve kugadzirwa kwemachina ekusona muna 1923. Zvigadzirwa zvino zvakagadzirwa pasi pezviratidzo "pmz" (podoolsky mechanical chirimwa) uye "gosshuweug".
Mushini wekusona wakavandudzwa nevanogadzira maAmerican zvakabudirira zvekuti makumi emakore akati wandei akagadzirwa asina kuchinjika. Kunyangwe iyo dhizaini haina kuchinja - "maitiro emazuva ano ekutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20 yakava hunhu hwekumanikidzwa hwe podolsk zvishandiso zvemidziyo.
Hondo zhinji dzakabatana nemidziyo "muimbi". Mumwe wavo, anozivikanwa kwazvo, anoti anonyanya kuzivikanwa muna 1998 hutungamiri hwekambani uyo ari kubudirira, nenzira, akazivisa kubhadhara kwemari yekusona kwemachina anotanga kubva kuyuniti.
Hapana munhu akaona mukuru wekusimbiswa kwechirevo ichi, asi iyo antiquary yakatanga kuzotenga zvakakura mashini ekusimbisa kwekambani pasina urombo nekuda kwemauto aya uye zvinoreva. Zvicharamba zviri runyerekupe kuti nzira dzekare dzekusaririra dzinovanza kubva pamakumi matatu emadhora emadhora emadhora. Ehe, nyaya yacho ne "solial" haina kupera nechero chinhu, ichisiya mafani ezvipfeko zvemhando yepamusoro, asi zvakanyanyisa makore mazhinji apfuura.
Imwe ngano inosanganiswa nezviri mukati meiyo palladium zvisingawanzogadzirwa-zvepasi zvigadzirwa mumhando dzekutanga, dzinokosheswa zvakanyanya kupfuura goridhe. Mukuwedzera, kune runyerekupe pamusoro pezviri zvemukati zvemamwe "mutsvuku Mercury" mune tsono yeiyo yekare "muimbi" muimbi yekare "muimbi" muimbi "anomiririra kukosha kukuru.
Chero zvazviri - machina ekusona emhando yeAmerican ichiri kukosheswa kusvika zvino nemutengo wavo uri kuwedzera chete. Naizvozvo, kana iwe ukaona netsaona yakawana iyi raramati inofadza kumba, usamhanyisa kuti ubvise - mushure menguva yakati wandei yakakwira zvakanyanya.
Tsime