Ababyeyi benshi bita ku kugaburira abana babo ibiryo byiza gusa. Muri icyo gihe, abantu bake bazi ubwoko bw'akaga ni imyenda idahwitse yo mu Bushinwa. Ubwa mbere, abana benshi ntibagaragaza reaction igaragara. Ariko, ingaruka zimiti mu myambaro nkiyi mugihe kinini cyangwa kinini murimwe gishobora gutera allergie reaction, ibibazo bikomeye byubuzima cyangwa byinshi byubuzima.
Rimwe na rimwe, Komisiyo ishinzwe ibicuruzwa by'umuguzi (CBST), ikigo cya Leta cya Leta, gishakisha ibicuruzwa nk'imyambaro y'abana, bishobora guhagarika ibicuruzwa bishobora guteza akaga. Ariko, ibicuruzwa byinshi byanyuze bitamenyekana. Abakozi ba gasutamo bagenzura amakaye gusa, mugihe Komisiyo (CST) igenzura igice gito cyibicuruzwa binyuze mu ngengo y'imari n'abakozi.
Ubushinwa ni uruganda runini rw'isi rwibicuruzwa byimyenda, ariko, abakora abashinwa ntabwo aribo bakora ibyaha byonyine. Ibigo byinshi kwisi bitanga umusaruro kugirango bitanga umusaruro mubihugu bifite amafaranga make kandi abakozi bahendutse kugirango babone inyungu nyinshi. Ibirego byubuvuzi muri ibi bihugu akenshi ntibitangaje kandi bigatuma ibirango byimiryango ikoresha imiti ibangamiye kugirango bitunganyirize no gushushanya imyenda.
Hasi ni imiti 5 ishobora guteza akaga ivumburwa mu myambaro, yakozwe mu Bushinwa.
1. kuyobora
INTEGO: Ababikora bakoresheje uburyo bahabwa ibicuruzwa byica. Iyobowe rikoreshwa mugushiramo ibice bisize irangi cyane nibishushanyo ku bicuruzwa.
Ingaruka ku mubiri: ukurikije Ikigo cyo kugenzura no gukumira indwara, ibirimo bikabije byo kuyobora bishobora kugira ingaruka kuri sisitemu iyo ari yo yose mu mubiri. Kandi kubera ko nta bimenyetso bigaragara byerekana ingaruka mbi kubuzima, akenshi ntitwitondera. Nk'uko urufatiro rwa Mayo ruvuga (Mayo) rukora mu buvuzi n'ubushakashatsi, ubushakashatsi bw'abana bari munsi yimyaka 6 bafite imbaraga ziterambere ryumunwa no kumubiri.
Urugero: Muri Mata uyu mwaka, umuyobozi wa gasutamo ya Amerika yafunze icyiciro cy'imyenda y'abana b'indabyo zatumijwe mu Bushinwa kubera ibintu bikabije. Ibicuruzwa byangiritse hakurikijwe amategeko yerekeye ibintu bishobora guteza akaga. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, muri Werurwe, abapolisi ba gasutamo bafashe igikapu cy'ibika ibihumbi byinshi byakorewe mu Bushinwa n'umufuka w'abana kugira ngo basangire urwego rwo kuyobora ruyobowe na Zipper.
2. NFF (Eetoxlate Nonyphenol na Nonylphenol)
INTEGO: NFF isanzwe ibaho mubyifuzo byinganda bikoreshwa mugukaraba ibicuruzwa.
Ingaruka ku mubiri: ukurikije ikigo cy'Abanyamerika cyo kurengera ibidukikije, kwegeranya mu ngingo z'umubiri, NFF irashobora guhungabanya imirimo ya Hormone kandi ikaganisha ku bibazo mu iterambere ry'imikorere y'imyororokere.
Urugero: Muri 2013, Umuryango wa Greenpeace utegamiye kuri Leta utegamiye kuri Leta, ufite icyicaro muri Amerika, watangaje ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bwibigo bibiri by'ingenzi kugira ngo umusaruro w'abana mu Bushinwa. Ibi bigo bitanga 40% by'imyambaro y'abana b'igihugu cyose, igice cy'ingenzi cyoherejwe hanze muri Amerika. Abashakashatsi basanze ibirenze kimwe cya kabiri cyibicuruzwa byose birimo ibintu bya NUF.
3. Fttaalates
Intego: Ukurikije ibigo byo kugenzura no gukumira indwara, akenshi bitwa plastiziya bikoreshwa muguhindura plastike byoroshye kandi biramba. PHTHALATES irahari mubintu byinshi byo murugo, kuva mubikoresho byo gupakira ibiryo no kwisiga. Mu nganda z'ibintu, mubisanzwe bibaho mubicapure bya plastisol, ibikoresho bya reberi byakoreshwaga mugukora amashusho nibirango kuri t-shati.
Ingaruka kumubiri: Kimwe nabarimbura Endocrine, Phthalates barashobora guhungabanya urwego rwa hormones ndetse bakagira uruhare mu kubaho kwa kanseri y'ibere n'amabere.
Urugero: Mubushakashatsi bwavuzwe bwa GreenPace yisanduku yimyenda yubushinwa, ibikubiye muri Phthalates byagaragaye mu byitegererezo bibiri byafashwe.
4. PFC (imiti itoroshye kandi ifite polyfluoride)
INTEGO: IYI NZIZA ZIKORESHWA MU GUKORA AMAZI-YATANZWE AMAZI. Ahanini ukoreshwa mumusaruro wibicuruzwa nkikoti yimvura ninkweto.
Ingaruka ku mubiri: hakurikijwe ibidukikije by'ibidukikije n'ibidukikije muri Amerika, mu nyigisho z'inyamaswa zishingiye kuri PFC, ku bidukikije by'inyamaswa zisanzwe z'ibikorwa bya endocrine bigabanuka mu bikorwa by'ubudahangarwa, kimwe na ingaruka mbi ku mwijima n'umurimo wa pacreatic. Kuri ubu, ingaruka kumubiri wumuntu ntabwo zumvikana neza, ariko guhuza bitandukanye mumiti yavuzwe haruguru yatumye impyiko nindwara za kanseri.
Urugero: Indi raporo ya GreenPace muri 2014 yatangaje ko yatangajwe imyenda mirongo inani na ebyiri kubana n'abana, kimwe cya gatatu cyakozwe mu Bushinwa. Inzobere mu ishyirahamwe zigaragambije ubwoko butanu bw'ibikoresho bya shimi byakoreshwa mu nganda. Umwe muri bo - PFH - yabonetse ako kanya mubicuruzwa byinshi byikizamini. Kandi Adidas imwe yo koga yarimo ibintu bya PFC ibirenze byaremewe na mirm yakora.
5. formaldehyde
INTEGO: Formaldehde ikubiye mu bicuruzwa byose by'ubukungu, nka Shampoos no kwisiga, ndetse no mu kubaka ibikoresho n'ibikoresho. Bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zimbuto zo gutanga ibicuruzwa imitungo idashinyagurika, nayo ifasha kwirinda kwiyongera kwa bagiteri na fungus mububiko bwimyenda mugihe cyo kwikoreraza.
Ingaruka ku mubiri: hakurikijwe ikigo cy'igihugu cya kanseri y'igihugu, ingaruka ndende za formaldehyde zishobora gutera isesemi, zikatwika mumaso, izuru no mu muhogo, inkorora, kurakara, no kurakara. Nubwo iyi miti ikunze kwita karcinogen, kubantu benshi reaction nibyiza cyane kuburyo formaldehyde ishobora gutera ari allergic hamagara DRMATITIS.
Urugero: Mu mwaka wa 2010, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu rwego rw'ingenzi bwabanyamerika bwatanze ibisobanuro byimyenda birenga amahame yemewe mubijyanye na formaldehyde. Raporo yarimo ibicuruzwa nk'ibi byakozwe mu Bushinwa, nk'ingofero z'abahungu bato, aho ibikubiye muri Formaldehde byari ibice 206 muri 100.000.000, ibirenze bibiri birenze. Kubantu bumva cyane barwaye dermatitis, ibirenze ibikubiye mubice 30 gusa gusa birashobora gutera allergic reaction.
INAMA Z'ABABYEYI
1. Irinde ibicuruzwa, ntibibaho, nta nkono zifite ubwoba, zirwanya kwambara, kimwe no kwirinda imyenda yijwi.
2. Hitamo imyenda ikozwe mubicuruzwa bisanzwe (hemp, ipamba kama, flax, ubudodo cyangwa ubwoya), nkibicuruzwa byubukorikori birashobora gutera allergique. Kandi, ibyifuzo bigomba gutangwa hamwe nipamba kama mbere y'ibisanzwe, kubera ko aba nyuma bakunze gukoresha umubare munini w'ifumbire.
3. Hindura imyenda kenshi, ifite uburyo butaziguye nuruhu.
4. Gerageza kwirinda inkweto, inkweto cyangwa inkweto z'imvura, zikozwe neza muri reberi cyangwa ibikoresho bya plastike.
5. Irinde ibintu hamwe namashusho yabitswe ukoresheje icapiro rya plastisol.
6. Witondere amaduka agurisha imyenda kubikoresho bisanzwe.
7. Shiraho imyenda mishya mbere yo kuyishyira.
Isoko