Urebye ibintu bishaje kuri atic ya nyirakuru, urasa nkaho uri muyindi yisi. Ntabwo bihagije ko ibintu byose bihumeka neza inkuru, niko rero intego yibintu byinshi nticyunze.
Ibisekuru byateganijwe ntibishobora gukeka ibiri imbere muri iki gituza cyiza cyibiti. Ariko abantu bakuze bagomba guhita bibuka ibiyirimo.
Nibyo, yego, mubihe nkibi, imashini zidomo zitwara podolsky, wari ukiri hashize imyaka mirongo itatu wari umuryango hafi ya buri muryango.
Ndibuka, mu bwana nakundaga cyane gusuzuma imashini iduka gukurukirana. Nishimiye cyane ibara ryamabara kumubiri wirabura kandi nashoboraga gusuzumwa kumatako maremare, yari yarambitswe cyane nibice byicyuma.
Byaragaragaye ko amateka yayo podolsk adoda ayobore mubihe byabanjirije ubugorozi, kandi prototypemes zabo zari ibicuruzwa byuruganda ruzwi "zinger"! Muri iyo minsi habaye uburyo bugenda bwimbitse bwibigezweho, ndetse nibintu bisanzwe hamwe nibintu byabatanga ibicuruzwa byagerageje gushushanya cyane.
Isosiyete "Zinger" yashinzwe mu 1851 kandi bidatinze abakora imashini nini zidoda. Ibicuruzwa by'uru rugo rw'Abanyamerika cyari kizwi ku isi, harimo no mu Burusiya.
Ariko mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, utange imashini idoda mu Burusiya kuva inyuma y'inyanja yabaye ku kaga, kubera ko abanywanyi benshi bagaragaye, kuberako abanywanyi benshi bagaragaye, batanga ibicuruzwa bisa ku giciro gito. Noneho ubuyobozi bwa Zinger yahisemo gushinga umusaruro w'imashini zidoda mu nkengero.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, igihugu cyo mu mujyi wa Podolsk cyacunguwe. Muri kiriya gihe, byari bike cyane, bifite abaturage ibihumbi 5 gusa, nuko kubaka ikiguzi kinini cyibihingwa bihendutse. Mubyukuri munsi yuruhande hari gari ya moshi, yatumye uruganda rufite inyungu gakomeye.
Mu myaka icumi gusa, igihingwa gishya cya Zinger cyahindutse kimwe muri binini muburayi. Mbere yo gutangira intambara ya mbere y'isi yose, uruganda rwatanze imashini 600 zidoda ku mwaka! Gusa mu karere k'Uburusiya hari ububiko burenga 3.000 by'isosiyete, usibye, imashini zoherejwe kubakiriya ukoresheje iposita.
Ibicuruzwa by'Uburusiya "Zinger" byahawe agaciro gakomeye mu mahanga. Podolsknyters yaguze bombi mu bihugu by'Uburayi no mu Bushinwa, Ubuyapani n'Ubuperesi. Mu 1914, Uburusiya bwashyize ku mwanya wa kabiri ku isi kugurisha imashini zidoda nyuma ya Amerika, kubigurisha buri mwaka mu rungano rw'imibare miliyoni 63.5!
Muri St. Petersburg, ibiro byiza byisosiyete byubatswe, ubu bikaba bishushanyijeho amanota ya Nevsky. Usibye ubwiza bwayo, inyubako yashoboraga kwirata udushya twose rwa tekinike twateye imbere abaturage mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, kuva mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, kuva muri lift kandi ndangirika no gukora isuku y'isuku riva mu rubura.
By the way, biri muri iyi nyubako uburo bwa sosiyete "Vkontakte"!
Kubwamahirwe, ibikoresho byigihingwa byahawe, no mu 1923 umusaruro w'imashini zidoda "Zinger" yagaruwe. Gusa ubu baremwe munsi yamazina ya "GASSHWEIVES" na "PMZ" (igihingwa cya podolsky).
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'imashini idoda "umuririmbyi" cyatsinze cyane ku buryo umusaruro w'imashini ukomeza ko habaye imyaka myinshi idahindutse! Ndetse n'umuco yagumye hafi, kandi uburyo bwo kwimyambarire yo mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20 bwari busanzwe bwibicuruzwa bya podolsk.
By the way, imigani myinshi ifitanye isano nimashini zidoda zidoda. Nk'uko umwe muri bo, mu 1998, Zinger yatangaje gushakisha imashini zayo hamwe n'umubare uharanira inyungu guhera mu gice. Dukurikije ibihuha, nyir'urugwiri uteye ubwoba nk'ayo ategereje guhembwa kuva ku bihumbi 30 kugeza kuri miliyoni y'amadolari, bityo atite yatangiye kugura imodoka nyinshi. Nta cyemezo cyemeza, ariko, nkuko babivuga, nta mwotsi udafite umuriro ...
Ku rundi rugani, ingero zo hambere zo mu Burusiya "Zingerov" zirimo icyuma gifite ibyuma. Noneho vuba aha, hari ibihuha bivuga ko mu rushinge rwumwimerere imodoka zidasanzwe ni ikintu gitagaragara - Umutuku wa Mercure!
Nkuko mubibona, imashini zidoda zishaje zirenze igikoresho cyoroshye.
Isoko