Ndabona ibibazo byinshi bijyanye no guhitamo ibikoresho kurukuta rwinzu yigihugu, reka rero dusuzume birambuye iki kibazo kandi tugakora uburyo bumwe bwo gutanga beerete. Nibikoresho byiza byo gutwara no gufunga inyubako hasi. Niba ushaka kubona inzu yumurwa mukuru "ishyushye", noneho udafite amahitamo gusa. Kandi icy'ingenzi ni uko inzu ikoresha ingufu za beerete igoramye irashobora kuba nziza yo gukora nubwo udafite ihuriro ry'umuhanda wa gaze. Kandi ibi byose birashoboka nta byindito!
Ibihimbano? Oya, gusa fiziki kandi nta buriganya. Mu myaka mike ishize, nubatse inzu nk'iyi kandi niteguye gusangira uburambe bwo gukora inzu igezweho-ikora ingamba zifatika za beto, ishyuha gusa n'amashanyarazi.
Genda!
Muri iyi ngingo dusuzuma amazu manini gusa. Mubisanzwe, hariho tekinoroji yubwubatsi, ariko tuzabireba mubikoresho bitandukanye.
Aeratrete yateje impinduramatwara nkeya mugutegura tekinoroji kuruta, kurugero, geotextile cyangwa intambwe yuzuye polystyrene. Amateka ya beerete itangirana na 30 mu kinyejana gishize, bityo ibikoresho bimaze gutangiza ikizamini cyigihe muburyo butandukanye bwimisozi. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko nta bitekerezo bya Aedte bishobora gufatwa neza , rero ni ngombwa cyane kwitondera ibiranga abakora ibintu byihariye.
Ibi bifitanye isano nibyingenzi, bireba umuyoboro. Guhunga kw'ikoranabuhanga ritazagira imbaraga zihagije n'ubushyuhe. Ntabwo rero bizagira ibyiza ugereranije namatafari asanzwe. Ingingo ya kabiri y'ingenzi ni ihinga iteganijwe mu ikoranabuhanga iyo ikorana na beto.
Kera hamenyekanye ko kubaka mu kubahiriza ikoranabuhanga ntabwo bihendutse gusa, ahubwo byihuse. Kubwamahirwe, benshi bahitamo guhungabanya ikoranabuhanga, hanyuma batsinze ubutwari ingorane zo gutakaza igihe gusa, ahubwo batsinze amafaranga. N'ubundi kandi, biragaragara ko ibikoresho bikennye bikoreshwa mu kurenga ku ikoranabuhanga bitazaganisha ku kintu cyiza.
Fata rero urugero inzu yanjye bwite muri 2012. Iyi ni inzu yigihugu yigihugu ku isahani yisi hamwe nurukuta rwa beerete na monolithic igisenge cyiza (icyatsi). Yashinzwe muri 2014. Ku muntu uwo ari we wese, ni ngombwa ko inzu ihendutse mu kubaka n'ubukungu mu bikorwa. Ntabwo ndi exeretse hano. Kubwibyo, ingingo zingenzi mugihe uhisemo ibikoresho kurukuta ari irwanya ubushyuhe. Nyuma ya byose, niba urukuta rukonje, nzashyuha umuhanda. Kandi iyi ni ukurenga kungufu nimbeho munzu (mubyo naje kubura gaze nkuru yongeyeho imipaka yamashanyarazi yagenewe ubushobozi bwamashanyarazi bwagenewe ubushobozi bwamashanyarazi
Kubwibyo, nahisemo ibyiza byikoranabuhanga ryose riboneka - Urukuta rumwe-rurema rwa YTONG DENSIty D400 nubunini bwa mm 375. Masonry yakoze cyane ukurikije ikoranabuhanga hamwe na sanoding ya buri murongo kandi ikoresheje kole idasanzwe ya Masonry nziza (ntoya ya ski - igihombo gito). Mubisanzwe, naruhutse isimbuka hejuru ya Windows numuryango, kimwe na perimetero ya monolithic. Nanjye nditondera imbere ya kane kuri idirishya.
Hanze y'urukuta yanditsweho gusa na sima yahinduwe mu majyaruguru ya plaster hamwe n'ubugari bwa mm 10 kandi bitwikiriye sima yera (nyamara ntabwo nzabona umwanya wo gusiga irangi urukuta).
Imbere yinkuru isa: inkuta zashyizwe hamwe hamwe na ly (6) igice cya plaque, gikaze no gusiga irangi. Kwirikana ko ibice bya beetete bifatika bifite geometrie nziza - ibi byatanze ubusa ku bitagereranywa ku bitagereranywa (urugero, niba inkuta zari mu matafari hamwe na cickness ya cm 2) no koroshya cyane. Beaterete ya Aerad iratunganywa cyane kandi urukuta rushobora gushyirwaho amashanyarazi yamashanyarazi hamwe no gutukwa.
Wallpaper ikoreshwa nkuguringirwa, gusa urukuta cyangwa amabati (mubwiherero). AETRATET itose iracyafite bidasanzwe kuko byoroshye kumanika ikintu. Gerageza, kurugero, amanota mu rukuta rw'amatafari kugirango umanike ifoto. Hatariho drill yatungutse / perforator, ntuzabigeraho mubintu byose, kandi urashobora gutsinda umusumari mubikoresho bya gaze, kandi bizahoraho kuburemere ibiro bike nta kibazo kirenze). Bashakaga kuvana ifoto ahantu hashya - bakuramo umusumari, no ku rukuta uzagumaho umwobo udasanzwe ufite diametteri ya mm 1-2. Kandi mu rukuta rw'amatafari hazabaho ibimenyetso by'igitambaro gifite diameter ya mm 5-7. Niba turimo tuvuga gufunga ibintu bihagaze kubintu biremereye, noneho ibintu byose biroroshye cyane hano. Cyane cyane iyo ugereranije n'amatafari yidafite agaciro aho allical allchors igomba gukoresha. Kuri beto ya aerates, hari ibinyabiziga bidasanzwe cyangwa dusesi yihariye (kandi abo nabandi bagurishijwe mu bubiko ubwo aribwo bwose. Igikoni cyashizeho, ingazi yinzu n'ibindi bintu biremereye.
Nkigisubizo, nabonye perimetero nziza, irinde kwizerwa ingano yimbere yinzu ikonje. Ibizamini ukoresheje ikibuga cyindege cyerekanaga ko inzu ishyizweho ikimenyetso kandi rero, nta bice mubice bimurikira. Urukuta rwa rubanda ruteye ubwoba hejuru yose rwarapimwa no hanze, kandi kuva imbere, kurandura burundu ko unyuze mu nyanja. Kandi iyi niyo yo kuzigama itaziguye ku mutungo w'ingufu.
BEERATETER YATANDUKANYE Nta kibazo (niba uhisemo guhindaho kubaka inzu ku ruziga rw'ikoro), cyangwa ugakora iherezo ryiza ukoresheje amatafari. Ariko inyungu nini cyane yibintu byanduye nuko ihuza ibiranga bibiri byingenzi: Imbaraga zo kuvoma hamwe nu muco wubushyuhe. BEERATES BERIFTE irashobora gukoreshwa neza kurukuta rwitwara neza yububiko-bwububiko.!
Kandi hano biragaragara ko beto cyangwa amatafari nta mahirwe yo gukoresha muburyo buciriritse. Kuberako birebire, bihenze kandi bikonje. Hano reka dufate inzu yanjye urugero kandi dusuzume ikiguzi niba narigeze kuba amatafari.
Ariko mbere yo gukomeza kubara ndashaka kukwereka ishusho yo kwiga neza (reba raporo yuzuye kuri Blog), ibyo nakoze muri Mutarama umwaka ushize, iyo habaye ubushyuhe munsi -15 dogere Selisiyusi. Witondere inzu iherereye inyuma. Ubu ntabwo dushishikajwe nibyo twubakiye (mubyukuri, kuva gucibwamo ibice kandi bigenzurwa na Fowam). Dushishikajwe no kuba iyi nzu idakora kandi ntirashyushye igihe cyose. Kandi imbere yimbere, urabona urugo rwanjye rushyuha. Kandi kuri "lumanous" gusa ku ishusho uhereye ku mashyamba ya mu majyaruguru ya Windows irashobora kumvikana ko aribyo. Witondere umuhigo w'ibigega bya aerates kandi udahari igihombo cy'ubushyuhe mu rukuta. Kurugero, urashobora gufungura yandex ushakisha amashusho urebe uko mubisanzwe basa amazu yamatafari. Hano, inzu yanjye mubyukuri ntabwo igaragara muburyo bubi.
Noneho tujya kubiha byo kurwanya ubushyuhe. Ntabwo nzakwohereza hamwe na formula igoye, tuzasuzuma gusa kandi turumvikana. Noneho, kugirango utangire, fata amakuru yinkomoko, ntabwo ari Ababy, na Raporo y'Ikizamini cyemewe, yemejwe n'ikimenyetso cy'ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi. Reka nkwibutse ko nakoresheje igituba cya D400 gifite ubunini bwa mm 375.
Ariko igishushanyo cyubushyuhe, ugomba guharanira. Biragaragara ko hano ko gutakaza ubushyuhe bwinzego zifunze zikongewe kubintu bitatu byingenzi:
1. Windows n'inzugi;
2. inkuta;
3. Kurenganya (Igorofa / Igisenge).
Muri icyo gihe, ahantu hakonje cyane munzu iyo ari yo yose uzahora ari Windows kandi ntabwo ari ahantu hose ujya ahantu hose, uyumunsi wirahure yikirahure hamwe no kugabanya ubushyuhe bugabanijwe bingana na 1.05. Ariko inkuta z'amazu yubatswe mu karere ko hagati (akarere ka Moscou) igomba kuba ifite kurwanya ubushyuhe bugabanijwe ingana na 2.99 (M² • ˚сссс) / W. Kandi menya ko ubushyuhe buke bugomba kuba kuri Ceiling.
Ariko ubu ntabwo tuvuga ku madirishya no guhumurizwa, ariko kubyerekeye inkuta. Rero, ko inzu yacu izasubiza ibipimo ngero biriho biriho, kurwanya kwimura ubushyuhe kurukuta ntibigomba kuba munsi ya 3.0. Dukoresha, kurugero, iyi calculatrice hamwe namakuru asimbuza amakuru yavuzwe haruguru. Kandi turabibona
Kwimura ubushyuhe bwurubuga rwa kabiri [R] = 3.57
Nibyiza, tuzaba dushyira mu gaciro: kuzirikana aho tubikuza byubusa (inyanja), ahantu hahanamye. Reka kugabanya ubushyuhe bwo kwimura buhinduka ingana na 3.28. Kandi iyi ni urukuta rutanduye, utitaye kumwanya winyongera wa plaster kuva imbere no hanze. Nukuri mubyukuri, kurwanya ubushyuhe bizaba hejuru gato.
Kurugero, dufata ububiko bwamatafari yuburebure bwa ceramic uburebure bwa 1800 kg / m³ kumurongo wa sima. Ukoresheje urukuta rwa mm 375, irwanya ubushyuhe zizaba 0.62 gusa! Ibi hafi inshuro 6 "ubukonje" kuruta kurambika ibintu bya beast. Ni ukuvuga, imbaraga zingufu zurukuta rw'amatafari zigomba kugira ubunini bwa metero zirenga 2. Urumva ko iyi ari ubuswa kandi ntamuntu numwe uzubaka ubwinshi bwubwinshi bwubwubatsi buke. Bizakenera rero kubaka urukuta rw'amatafari mu gice cyangwa kimwe cya kabiri cy'amatafari, hanyuma ruzungura imbaraga. Kandi nyuma yo kwiyegurira, biracyatekereza uburyo bwo gufunga iherezo ryangiza. Ni ukuvuga, muriki gihe, turagora inzira yo kubaka.
Kandi kubyerekeye uburangare bwa Masonry, kuba intara imwe-shusho (625x250x375 mm) mububiko ni amatafari 20 (250x120x65 Kwita ku Iparayo ya sima! Kandi kugirango ushire amatafari 20, ingendo 1.5-2 yumuti uzasabwa (niba zihagije zo gukorana na meter meter, ubwinshi bwikibazo kugirango ushiremo ibice 20 bya aerated). Ubwo ni ubukungu bwose bwubwubatsi bwamatafari. Ni ukuvuga, gusa kubanya amatafari urenze urugero.
Ariko amabati menshi azatangira mugihe cyo gukora. Gukora inzu yita ku matafari niba udafite "inkomoko yubushyuhe butagira imipaka (gaze nkuru) ntibishoboka, kuko Mukaba gahagije ko bihagije ubushobozi bwinyamanswa cyahariwe (bisanzwe 15 KW).
Niba inkuta z'inzu yawe zishyizwe mu mabwiriza iriho ku kurwanya ubushyuhe, noneho uzashobora kwakira inzu ya kaburimbo idafite ibibazo abifashijwemo n'amashanyarazi.
Umwanzuro uragaragara - mu murwa mukuru utuje, ubundi buryo kuri beto anoze ingufu atari byo. Muri icyo gihe, niba dusuzumye agaciro ka nyuma k'inzego zishyingurwa, bigaragara ko igisubizo nk'iki kidahemukira atari mu cyiciro cyo kubaka gusa, ahubwo no mu gihe cyo gukora.
P. Birumvikana ko utibagirwa ko imbaraga zingufu zitunga atari inkuta gusa, ahubwo zikandira amadirishya / imiryango, umusingi kandi wuzuye (igisenge (igisenge (igisenge (igisenge (igisenge (igisenge (igisenge). Kandi, byanze bikunze, ibipimo bitangwa. Gusa mugihe ukora ibintu byose, inzu irashobora gufatwa neza imbaraga.
isoko