Momwe mungasoke malaya amtundu wachimuna

Dzina lina la malaya ku Russia linali "malaya", "Stocchinga". Ili ndi liwu lokalamba kwambiri, loyera ku sex wakale "ndi anglo-saxon" kudzera m'mizu wamba ino-ku Europe. Ofufuza ena amawona kusiyana pakati pa malaya ndi malaya. Malaya aatali, amalemba, adapangidwa kuti azikhala ndi zochulukirapo komanso zonenepa komanso zopepuka komanso zopepuka zimapangidwa ndi wowonda komanso wofewa. Chifukwa chake pang'onopang'ono adasandulika kukhala lingrie ("Soroch", "kuphimba"), ndipo malaya apamwamba adatchedwa "Kosh", "akulowerera". Koma izi zidachitikanso pambuyo pake, mu zaka za XIII.

Malaya a amuna a Slav wakale anali pafupi kutalika kwa bondo. Nthawi zonse anali atakanidwa, atapanikizika, motero adasandulika ngati chikwama cha zinthu zofunika. Asayansi alemba kuti nsapato zouma zinali zazifupi kwambiri kuposa kukhala paumoyo. Malaya a akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi (malinga ndi olemba ena, chifukwa chake "hem"). Amakananso, pomwe m'mphepete mwake nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pakati pa caviar. Nthawi zina, nthawi ya ntchito, malaya adakwera ndikuwombera.

Malaya a amuna a 000 ndi mawonekedwe ake

Kutengera zidziwitso za ethnographic kuyambira 18- 20 zaka., G.S. Maslova Mitundu inayi yayikulu ya nsapato za amuna:

1. Zowoneka.
2. Ndi popukutira molunjika.
3. Ndi mikwingwirima yopapatiza pamapewa.
4. Pa coquette.

Kudula kwa malaya amphongo - zakale kwambiri za Kroev zodziwika kwa ife ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimadulidwa kwambiri. Mwa mitundu iwiri yodulidwa. Shati "yokhala ndi mbiya" imapangidwa kuchokera ku nsalu ya minofu yodulidwa ndi bakha (pali chipata chowonekera); Ma Panels othamanga "mbiya" komanso malaya olunjika amasokedwa ndi nsalu yapakati (yapakati).

Shatil Shatil "yokhala ndi mbiya" ili ndi njira zingapo:

• Ndi migolo yolunjika;
• ndi nsalu zakumaso (mawonekedwe amtsogolo omwe adapambana malaya okhala ndi mbiya zowongoka);
• Ndi mbiya yolembedwa "pazenera" kapena "m'ndende" (kumpoto);
• Ndi ma foni ophatikizika mbali iliyonse kuchokera pakati pa nsalu zapakati ndi mbali, pomwe mbiya zowongoka zidawonjezeredwa ndi maukwati 20. Ku Altari); ku Altai);
• "Rute". Chomwe chimadulidwa ndikuti mapanelo am'mbali akuyendetsa pamapewa awo komanso chapakati. Ili ndi manja owongoka komanso mawonekedwe olunjika pa chipata popanda kolala;
• Shati yowoneka yopanda mbiya kuchokera pa tsamba limodzi. Nsapato zopangidwa makamaka ndi nsalu ya fakitale, malaya okhala ndi miyala yopangidwa ndi homuweki ya homuweki.

Imatha mphamvu kuchokera pa nsalu imodzi ya TOVAS. Opangidwa mu Transcarpathia, adadulidwa kanthawi kokhomakhoda pamsonkhano.

Malaya ooneka ngati mafuta opangidwa ndi chilumbukidwe pachifuwa; Popanda kolala "goloshka" kapena ndi kolala ". "Goloshka" ndili pachimake pachifuwa chimawerengedwa kuti ndi akale kwambiri. Kulowetsa skit kunachitika kumanzere, nthawi zambiri malaya amadya kolala "rack", mwachangu pamabatani.

Nsapato za amuna zimasokedwa kuchokera ku homuweki ya homuweki, yomwe idasunga mtundu wachilengedwe wa ulusi, kotero nsapato zoterezi zimapangidwanso. Kuchokera kumibadwo mibadwo, kuperewera kapena njira zokoka zidafalikira, sizinali zachiwawa. Ngozi yokongoletsani kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19-koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1900 m'malo komwe kunakhudza mzindawu (dera la Moscow).

M'masiku akale, anthu adadutsa dziko lawo, malingaliro awo pa iye, ubale wawo ndi dziko chilankhulo chabwino. Unali dongosolo loyamba lomwe linapangidwa ndi mwamuna ndipo linali ndi tanthauzo la zamatsenga kwa iye.

Monga tanena ndi B.a. Asodzi, mu ntchito ya zakale panali mfundo ziwiri: zamatsenga ambiri komanso zokomera zomwe zimabwera kudzachotsa.

Malaya pamaso pa makolo athu ali ndi mphamvu yamatsenga: kuteteza zigawo zosemphana kwambiri za thupi - khosi, miyendo, manja. Chifukwa chake, adakutidwa ndi zokongoletsera, kuteteza khosi, pansi pamanja, her. Ndi malo achikhalidwe. Mlonda akhoza kukhalanso zinthu zokongoletsera za utoto. Pamodzi ndi kuluka ndi kuluka, kuluka, zitseko, mabatani, mabatani, mikanda, strip Kumach adagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Chifukwa cha zodzikongoletsera za miyala yamtengo wapatali, malaya amkazindo amphongo nthawi zina samapereka njira ya akazi.

Chithunzi chojambula cha malaya a amuna

• Popanda kujambula, chilengedwe, mtundu wachilengedwe;
• Ofiira, ofiira, ofiira ofiira, ofiira amdima;
• Khola laling'ono, utoto: zoyera - zofiira, zofiirira zakuda - zakuda; >
• Zingwe zazing'ono, utoto: buluu - yoyera, yofiira - yakuda - chikasu, chakuda;
• Utoto wokhazikika, utoto: wofiyira, wakuda, mota.

↑ Craw Swabich

Amuna Okalamba Amuna Okalamba Amagwirizana Nati

Zinthu zonse zimagona pa rectangles. Zakunja ndikudula minofu yandalama yolimba, kutalika kwa mankhwalawa kumayesedwa (kuyendetsa pakati). Kutalika kwa mbiya = kutalika kwazinthu - ma Armar. M'lifupi la mbiya -1.5 mapanelo - 40cm + 20cm, pamtundu wa anthu owonda - 40 cm. Manja 60cm. Kutalika kotalikirana = kutalika kwa dzanja - m'lifupi mwake mapewa (pa 48-50 kukula kwa kutalika kwa 30-72cm). Staveve -11.5 mapanelo (40cm + 20cm). Kuzama kwa ukazi ndi 30cm, ngati malaya alibe misonkhano, 25 cm 10, ngati ndi a Assemblis paphewa, 5 cm. 15x15 cm kapena 20x20cm.

Njira Yotsatizana:

1. Sow kukhala ndi migolo, seams pa mbiya kuti ikonzekere kumbuyo. Adapindikira mbali, lembani pakati. Ikani zimbudzi pansi pa mbewa (mbali imodzi 0.5-0.7cm). Chiwerengero cha zikwama chimayenera kukhala chomwecho kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Pindani otetezeka mzere ndi kuluka (mtanda wocheperako kapena wagzag) m'khola lililonse.
2. Pezani pakati pa nsaluyo. Tsikirani 1.5-2 cm kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo, kudula khosi.
3. Sewani nsalu ziwiri manja. Msoko kumbuyo.
4. Sombani kukhala pa malaya, kumalire pa mbiya.
5. Sew spacer yayikulu (mpaka 5 cm). Zowoneka bwino zimayenera kufanana ndi gawo lolumikizana kuti likhale mbiya yonse.
6. Kusaka "masana". Manja ndi mbiya pa iyo. Makondo osoka pamanja.
7. Mapeto a stameve mozungulira kuzungulira mmalo mwake khola 0.5- 0.7cm, kutsogolo. Lowetsani nsalu kapena kuluka.
8. Khosi ndi Dutot ikhoza kulekanitsidwa ndi Kumach mu Oyang'anira Beyke. Dulani (pafupifupi 20cm) iyenera kukhala lalikulu ndi khosi. Grass Cirratery.
9. Chitani pansi pa malaya. Malizani "malaya a polyanka". Wachangu kumanzere kumanzere. Kukumbatira mu lalikulu kutsogolo (mwina kumba). Yopangidwa ndi Kumachoma, ndikungondira pamalonda ophatikizika opanga migolo. Biril mulifupi 40cm (wopanda msoko). Imakhala ndi zaka 40 masentimita ndi mphete (onani mkuyu. 19). Pansi pa malaya amakonzedwa ndi nthiti yosiyanitsa ndi nthiti.

Kutsiriza "malaya a Kerzhatsky

Seques Sead:

1. Sew cloves malaya. Sonkhanitsani zikwangwani pamapewa kapena kutsutsa. Bzalani padenga kuti mukonzekere mbali yakutsogolo.
2. Sonkhanitsani migolo pa migolo, kuti bala ichepere 5-6 cm. Kusoka kupita ndi mbiya.
3. Tengani coqueka pamwala wamakono, ndiye kuti ikhale, kotero kuti malo osungirako azomwezo adagwirizana ndi msoko wake kukhala.
4. Kusaka "masana". Manja ndi mbiya pa iyo. Makondo osoka pamanja.
5. Mapeto a stameve mozungulira kuzungulira mmalo mwake khola 0.5- 0.7cm, kutsogolo. Lowetsani nsalu kapena kuluka.
6. Kusoka kolala ndi bar. Pangani zokupilira.
7. Chitani pansi pa malaya.

Adapanga cholinga pa batani. Mabatani ofukula zakale amapezeka ndi mkuwa ndi mkuwa, koma ofufuzawo amakhulupirira kuti chitsulo chimangokhala pansi. M'moyo, mwina nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi chibwenzi chosavuta - mafupa ndi nkhuni.

Ndikosavuta kuganiza kuti chipata chinali "chosaneneka cha zovala - pambuyo pake, zidalipo kudzera muzochitika zomwe mzimu udabulukira. Kuchepetsa izi nsapato "Zovala Zapamwamba -" Khosi "(" Kodi chimavala chiyani kuzungulira mmero ") kapena" chitsiru ". Kunasoka, kumangidwa kapena kuvala padera. Pa gawo lokongoletsa, limafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane za zodzikongoletsera za miyala yamtengo wapatali komanso chifukwa chake anthu anayesera kuti akhale ndi golide ndi nyumba zabwino pachifuwa ndikuwabisa pachifuwa, koma adayikidwa.

Or Cirnet Shati ya Amuna

Pano ndidzafotokozera ntchito yomwe ichitidwa ndi ine. Nthawi yomweyo mutha kuwerengera kuti zimatenga nthawi yochuluka bwanji kusoka malaya amphongo. (Ndipo, zoona, phunzirani za zolakwa)

Ndinayamba kusoketsa malaya pansi. Kuti ndichite izi, ndimafunikira:

• 2 mita ya flakisi yoyera
• 0,5 metres a flaker ofiira. Amapita ku ofikira. M'malo mwake, zinthuzo ziyenera kukhala pang'ono pang'ono - 16x32 - poganizira makola a 1 cm.

Chifukwa chokupitira: "Muluni" wofiira. Chitsanzo chimasankhidwa ndikukumbatirana (kokwanira), vestibule kapena mtanda. Palinso katswiri wophatikizika.

Chitsanzo ndi chophweka kwambiri, 95% ya ntchito zonse zimakhala zokukumbatira, koma sizovuta kwambiri. Kyrka, ndikupemphani.

Kupulumutsa zinthu, ndikupanga kuti malowa.

Ndiye, zowopsa, zoona, koma zonse zikuyenera kudulidwa.

Ndipo tsopano za kum'londa. Manja amatha kukhala olimba mtima kuti agulitse, ndi china chilichonse pokhapokha ngati malo achitetezo atasaka kale (kuti asasokoneze chojambulacho).

Kupanga kwanga patali ndi manja:

Zinyalala zokumba ziyenera kutengera zokongola kapena zochepa.

Ma node satha kuchitika!

Amakhulupirira kuti nodes amawononga (ndidauzidwa). Ndipo ife sitikufuna kuwononga aliyense aliyense, makamaka popeza ndi wabwino kwambiri wopanda ma navio.

Zingwe zonse zimayanulira patentheke panjira yolakwika. Sadzasungula, wopanda mantha.

Malaya a ukwati a v