Fair Fair ndi yofanana ndi jaquard. Jacquard ndi womangika pamiyeso ndi broale pa mbali yokhudza chinsalu.
Kwenikweni Fairy Isle ndi chilumba chaching'ono pakati pa setland Archipelago ndi Scotland. Uwu ndiye kukhazikika kwakutali kwa United Kingdom, ili ndi 5 km kutalika ndi 2 km mulifupi, anthu - 70 (70 (70 (70).
Zidachitika bwanji kuti dzina la chilumba cha chilumbachi, chomwe chimapezeka kumbuyo kwa ufumu wa Britain, womwe ngakhale malo a UK chifukwa cha kuchotsedwa kwakukulu sikukwera patsamba lino ndipo likuwonetsedwa pa tabu yapadera, adalandira imodzi mwanjira zodziwika bwino kwambiri zokutira.
Kudzera mwake, Zaka zambiri pazaka zambiri zidadutsa njira zambiri zam'nyanja. Mwayi wa ulimi unali wochepa kwambiri, usoto lalikulu la anthu osusala pachilumbachi chinali chachilengedwe, usodzi. Chifukwa chake, sananyalanyaze njira zilizonse zomwe zimapeza ngati kubereka ndi kuluka. Adagwira nsomba zingapo zosiyanasiyana. Onse pamodzi ndi nkhuku, nkhuku, mazira, mazira, kenako kenako nanyamula zombo, zozolowera pano, mozizwa zopatsa thanzi ndi zovala zosiyanasiyana.
Izi zobadwayi zobadwa zinali zofunika, chifukwa Ndidabweretsa zachilengedwe zomwe amafunikira: zida, zida, zinthu zosiyanasiyana zapamwamba ndi zinthu zina zomwe, sizimangokhalapo, iwo samangochezera ku chilumbachi mu 1814:
"Akazi amaluka masokosi kuchokera ku ubweya wa ubweya, zisoti zausiku ndi zinthu zina zazing'ono zomwe zimasinthanitsa ndi zombo zina zomwe zili zoyenera pa nkhondo ya American ya 1812 komanso yokongola ya masiku osangalatsawa Akamagula botolo la pichey kapena Aromani ochokera ku American traders posinthanitsa ndi masokosi angapo oluka kapena mazira khumi ndi awiri. "
Okhala a Fer-Ayla anali akatswiri pantchito yopulumuka. Kukhala ndi msipu wautali kwa nkhosa, amagwiritsa ntchito malo aliwonse omwe amapezeka, ngakhale atadulidwa pachilumbachi ndipo wazunguliridwa ndi phompho. Sir Walter Scott adalembanso kuti "kukwera komweko kukwera pamalowo, komwe mbuzi ndi mbuzi idzayambitsa chizungulire, ndiye zingwezo zimakoka nkhosa zokoka, nthawi zina nkhosa zimakokedwa ndi mapewa ake."
Kuluka, makamaka, masokosi kumachitika chifukwa chovuta komanso mosalekeza kudutsa mbiri yonse ya Shetland. Ubweya wa kuluka uku adatengedwa kuchokera yaying'ono, koma yamphamvu ya nkhosa nkhono zamphamvu, zomwe zimatha kupirira nyengo zovuta zonse komanso msipu wocheperako.
"Shetland Islands a mtundu wapadzikoli - yaying'ono kwambiri, yovuta kwambiri. Nyama zimadziwika bwino, zabwino, zasiliva, zina zofiirira, zina zimangolira. Ndiwo chomwe chimayambitsa kufewa kwawo, kupatula zokhala ndi mtundu wa mtundu: woyamba - wosefukira, nthawi zambiri onunkhira, amadzutsa ubweya wa nyama m'malo mwa nyama. " Wolemba Shetland Wosadziwika, 1861
Umboni woyamba wolembedwa wa Shetland kukhazikitsidwa ku zaka za zana la 16. Mu 17, inafalikira kuzilumba zonse, ndipo mu 18 inali msozi wamkulu pachilumbachi.
Kupanga kwa Zovala Zotsekedwa kunali njira zisanu: Kupanga ubweya, wotchuka chifukwa cha "kukhama" nkhosa, tchizi ndi kuchotsedwa kwa tinthu tambiri; Kuphatikiza ubweya pachimake; Kupindika ubweya ndi kuluka kwa iyo m'makankhulidwe asanu kapena pamzere wosodza. Njira zonsezi zidachitika pamanja mpaka 1890, pomwe zida zoololo zidayamba kutumiza mafakitale a Scottish kuti agwire ntchito zisanu.
Pa chilumba chachikulu cha Shetland, masokosi nthawi zambiri adasintha ku zinthu ngati tiyi monga tiyi, fodya, nsalu za thonje. M'malo mwake, amatero Dr. Edmondston, masokosi amapanga nkhani yayikulu yosinthira mdziko muno. Ogwiritsa ntchito zazikuluzikulu za zinthu zomangidwa, tinali, sizinali zakomweko, koma anthu ambiri ochokera kumadera akunja, omwe pachaka adapita kuzilumba zopita ku zilumba za hering'i. Masokosi adadzetsa anthu ochokera kopita kwa larvik ndikugulitsa asodzi awa. Nthawi zina anthu masauzande ambiri anali m'mphepete mwa nyanja nthawi yomweyo. Pogula masokosi nokha, komanso monga mphatso kwa akazi ndi ana, asodzi akunja kenako amawapulumutsa padziko lonse lapansi.
Pofika chaka cha 1800 800, masheya a Shetland m'masoka adayamba kuchepa. Kuchepa kofunikira kuti zinthu izi ndi zomwe kukula kwa nkhosa kumakula ku Scotland ndi England ndi makina afumbi. Malonda a Shetland mu stock - masokosi sanachiritsidwe, ndipo azilumbachi adayamba kupanga zinthu zina.
Zowonetsa zakale zoyambira zida za Museum chaka kuyambira 1850s.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, knit Fair Isse anali chikumbutso chokha chomwe alendo adabwera nawo. Komabe, patatha zaka 25, idakhala yachifumu ndipo idayamba kupembedza miyambo ku mayere a Oxford ndi Cambridge. Inawombedwa ndipo posakhalitsa mawu oti "sotland yoluka" ndi "Fair Isse" idadziwika. Panali zifukwa zingapo pa izi. Nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse itatha, mafashoni adasintha kwambiri komanso zovala zosavuta komanso zothandiza zidabwera m'malo mwamphamvu ndi ma corsets, kuphatikiza zotsekemera kalasi yapakati. Kachiwiri, mu 1921, chochitika chofunikira chotsatsa chinali kuchitika: Kugulitsa Lerovik Kupanga James A. Smith adawonetsedwa ku Prince Wales Wallover Wales, womwe adavala mu Gofu la Gofu.
Kalonga wavala gofu uwu watchuka kwambiri kotero kuti posachedwa zidakhala kwa ophunzira a Oxford ndi Cambridge pafupifupi yunifolomu. Pakutha kwa zaka za m'ma 1920, zokongoletsera zotere, ma Cardigans, magolovesi, zipwirizo zidavala chilichonse! Kuphatikiza apo, utoto wa aniline wa anliline udapangidwa, womwe ukukuwuzika maluwa, pomwe ulusi wa m'mbuyomu udapakidwa utoto ndi utoto wa masamba.
Craft idapulumukanso zotupa zenizeni. Mwa azungu sanavomereze kusinthitsa Mapulogalamu a Kuluka, aliyense anali ndi mitundu yake ya mitundu ndi mapangidwe ake. Zinathandizidwa ndi amalonda m'malo motengera njira za anthu ena, aliyense amakhala wosiyana ndi ake. Lingaliro logwirira ntchito pa sitepe ndi kufotokozera kwa sitepe ndi mlendo kwathunthu kwa olemba awa.
Maluso akuluakulu a atsikanawo adapezeka ali mwana, kuyambiranso zaka 4, mwa asanu ali ndi zinthu zazing'ono zogulitsa. Zovala zambiri zimatha kulumikizidwa ndi liwiro la ma loop 100 pa mphindi imodzi popanda kutaya bwino!
Anthu ambiri omwe awona kukulunga kwa mawonekedwe a Fair Aos amafunsidwa ndi funso loyenera: Momwe zinthu zoterezi ndi mitundu yambiri ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana amatha kupangidwa ndi anthu osaphunzira, omwe amakhala ndi moyo wolemera kwambiri. Pali mikangano yambiri yokhudza magwero. Wofufuza ndi wofufuza, Wolemba mabuku angapo onena za kuluka mwachilumba, Alice Starthmore, komweko kunali anthu othandiza, ndipo chisankho chake chinali chovuta komanso kuthamanga za kuluka kwawo. Pali mitundu ingapo yofunika:
Mitundu imapezeka pazinthu ndi miyala yosiyanasiyana. Pali mizere yopapatiza, 3-mzere, kufikira mizere yochulukirapo.
Mawonekedwe onse ali ndi maxis awiri kapena anayi a symmetry. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chinthu chilichonse chinali chosiyana ndi pamwamba / pansi ndipo chimatha kuzungulira mbali iliyonse, chifukwa chake mawonekedwe anali angwiro kuti apangidwe. Kubwereza kangapo pantchito yazinthu zazing'ono zomwezo kumakumbukiridwa mwachangu ndikuwonjezera liwiro. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zing'onozing'ono zidalola kuti zisatenge browling pa intaneti.
Mapangidwe a mtundu ndi maziko - mzere umodzi umodzi utatu. Amatha kusintha mzere uliwonse, koma mzerewo awiri okha. Cholinga chake ndi chinsinsi choluka.
Lamulo lina siliyenera kuchitiranso Brousatale kwambiri. Okwera maselo 7. Zokwanira!
Izi ndikugwiritsa ntchito mizere ya diagonal. Awo. Kusintha kwa utoto kuyenera kukhala kovuta. Yesani kupewa mizere yoyera. Cholinga chake ndi chinthu choyipa kwambiri cha chinsalu choluka.
Mitundu yokhala ndi mikwingwirima, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi mizere yosamvetseka komanso yofinya. Zikhalidwe zoterezi ndizosavuta kuposa kuchititsa asymmetric kupanga, kusiyanasiyana, kuloweza.
Zojambula zambiri zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a oho, i.e. Kuphatikiza mabwalo ndi mitanda ya diapoonal. Mwa iwo, mfundo zonsezi zimaphatikizidwa - yokhazikika, diagonal.
Utoto. Mzere umodzi umu mitundu iwiri yokha. Cholinga chake ndi kuthekera komanso kusavuta kuluka ndipo osangopanga kusweka kwakuda, chinsalu chosalala, i. Mtundu wa chinsalu.
Pachikhalidwe, kugwiritsa ntchito utoto mu mawonekedwe achilungamo kumayendetsedwa kwambiri.
Chojambula chapamwamba chikusonyeza mfundo izi: Mitundu 8 imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma 15-mzere. Mbali yapamwamba kwambiri komanso yotsika ndi yophunzirira mzere wapakati, womwe umakhala ndi utoto wosiyanitsa kuti uzionetsa.
Lamulo lina ndi kusintha kwa mitundu mu mawonekedwe kuchokera kumdima kupita kuwunikira komanso kuchokera ku kuwala kupita kumdima.
Njira yachiwiri imawonetsera gawo logwirizana pakati pa mtundu ndi maziko ake. Chufukwa Kusiyana kwanthawi yosiyana, njirayo imawoneka yogwirizana komanso yowerengedwa bwino.
Chojambula chachitatu chikuwonetsa kuphatikiza kwa mitundu: kumtunda komanso kotsika, mtundu wa mawonekedwe ndi maziko ake amaphatikizidwa.
Chifukwa chake, ngati mulibe mphatso kuti mumve mtundu, ndiye kuti inu malamulo atatu ogwirira ntchito ndi utoto.
Sonkhanitsani mitundu ya mitundu yamitundu yofananira yamtundu uliwonse yomwe ilipo, yeserani kuphatikiza kulikonse poluka zitsanzo. Zitsanzo zambiri zomwe mumalumikizana, mukamaphunzira za mtundu.
Chotsani zolephera pa zolephera.
Sangalalani ndi njirayi.
Mfundo yotsatirayi yakukulunga kwambiri ndiyo njira yoluka yopanda mbali. Pali zifukwa zitatu zotengera izi: mumayang'ana nthawi yonse kutsogolo kuti mukulumitse, mumalumikizana nthawi zonse, zomwe ndizosavuta komanso mwachangu, musasoke zomwe zimapulumutsa nthawi yathu.
Shetland a Khotsland azungulira chilichonse chozungulira, ngakhale ngati ma vesto amasokonezeka kapena kukakamiza Cardigan ndi kutsekedwa kwakutsogolo. Pachifukwa ichi, otchedwa "ndodo" amagwiritsidwa ntchito - ma loops angapo amalembedwanso kuwonjezera, nthawi yomweyo ndi gawo lalikulu, mozungulira. Mukamaliza kalembedwe, ndodo imadulidwa, zigawo zimakonzedwa ndi bay kapena kusokera kwa wolakwika. Chifukwa chakuti ubweya wa Shetland ndi woyipa, palibe chomwe chasungunuka, ndipo chimaperekedwa kumbali yosavomerezeka.
Pachithunzi chochokera kumwamba, ndakatulo izi zikuwoneka: izi ndi mikwingwirima yokhala ndi mabatani ozungulira m'khosi ndi kumanja kwa prige. Khosi ladulidwa kale pakhosi, koma palibe.
Zithunzi zomaliza ndi Shetland Pony, ntchito yotsatsa yomwe ili pachaka chokha cha chaka chamadzulo pa Setland. Imasungidwa mu yophukira, mu Okutobala. Pulogalamuyi imaphatikizapo ma fairs ambiri, makalasi aluso pamapindika, kuluka, kudzaza. Mutha kukumana ndi opanga, alimi, ambuye, kugula nkhosa, ulusi, zomalizidwa. Wopanga ubweya waukulu kwambiri wa ubweya wa Shetland, mwa njira, Yakobo yemweyo A. Smith.
Chiyambi